The application range of metal stamping parts and the concept of stamping die

1. Application scope of metal stamping parts

Common application fields of metal stamping parts are:

1. Stamping in the automotive industry.

Mainly draw. In my country, this part is mainly concentrated in large factories such as automobile factories, tractor factories, and aircraft factories. There are few independent large-scale stamping and drawing factories. 2. Stamping of auto parts and other industries.

Mainly punching and shearing. Many companies in this sector are classified as standard parts factories, and there are also some independent stamping factories. At present, there are many such small factories near some automobile factories or tractor factories.

3. Electric device stamping factory. This type of factory is a new industry, developed with the development of electrical appliances, and the factories in this sector are mainly concentrated in the south.

4. Stamping factory for daily necessities. Making some handicrafts, tableware, etc., these factories have also developed greatly in recent years.

5. Home appliance parts stamping factory. These factories only appeared after the development of household appliances in my country, and most of them are distributed in household appliance enterprises.

6. Special stamping enterprises. For example, the stamping of aviation parts belongs to this type of enterprises, but these process factories are also classified as some large factories.

Second, what is stamping processing

Stamping is an advanced metal processing method. It is based on the plastic deformation of metal. Under normal temperature conditions, the die and stamping equipment are used to apply pressure to the sheet, so that the sheet is plastically deformed or separated, so as to obtain a Parts of a certain shape, size, and performance.

Three, the concept of stamping die

Stamping dies, also known as stamping dies, metal dies, and metal stamping dies, have almost the same meaning. It refers to the pressure processing method that uses a die fixed on a punch or a press to apply a certain pressure to a metal or non-metallic sheet to separate or form the material, thereby obtaining parts with certain size requirements and qualified appearance quality. There are many kinds of molds, and I mainly focus on the metal stamping molds that I am familiar with.

The products processed by the mold are basically the same in size and appearance, and there is no big difference. Because of the rapid prototyping, high production efficiency, stable product quality, high precision, high material utilization, simple operation and low labor intensity, the The technical requirements of the operators are not high. The average person only needs to come in and follow others to learn the operation for a day or two, and they will be able to get started very quickly. If you are a production line host, you must learn to operate punches, feeders, levelers, and mold removal. These are all very simple tasks, and you need to be strong and willing to bear hardships and stand hard work.

What are the main applications of stamping processing?

The molds used in stamping processing are generally specialized. Sometimes a complex part needs several sets of molds to be processed and formed, and the mold manufacturing has high precision and high technical requirements, which is a technology-intensive product. Therefore, only in the case of large production batches of stamping parts, the advantages of stamping processing can be fully reflected, so as to obtain better economic benefits.

Of course, stamping also has some problems and disadvantages. It is mainly manifested in the noise and vibration generated during the stamping process, and the operator’s safety accident occurs from time to time. However, these problems are not entirely caused by the stamping process and the mold itself, but are mainly caused by traditional stamping equipment and backward manual operations. With the advancement of science and technology, especially the development of computer technology, and the advancement of mechatronics technology, these problems will definitely be solved as soon as possible.

First, the characteristics of mechanical processing

Compared with other methods of machining and plastic working, stamping has many unique advantages, both technically and economically. The main performance is as follows.

(1) The production efficiency of stamping processing is high, and the operation is relatively convenient, and it is easy to realize mechanization and automation. This is because stamping relies on punching dies and stamping equipment to complete the processing. The number of strokes of ordinary presses can reach dozens of times per minute, and the high-speed pressure can reach hundreds or even thousands of times per minute. May get a punch.  

(2) During stamping, since the die ensures the size and shape accuracy of the stamping parts, and generally does not damage the surface quality of the stamping parts, and the life of the die is generally long, the quality of the stamping is stable, the interchangeability is good, and it has “exactly the same”. “Characteristics.  

(3) Stamping can process parts with a wide range of sizes and complex shapes, such as stopwatches as small as clocks, as large as automobile longitudinal beams, covering parts, etc., plus the cold deformation hardening effect of the material during stamping, the strength of stamping and stiffness are high.  

(4) Stamping generally does not generate chips and scraps, consumes less material, and does not require other heating equipment, so it is a material-saving and energy-saving processing method, and the cost of stamping parts is low.  

2. Materials

1. Ordinary cold-rolled sheet spcc spcc refers to the continuous rolling of steel ingots into steel coils or sheets of required thickness through a cold rolling mill. There is no protection on the surface of spcc, and it is easily oxidized when exposed to the air, especially in a humid environment, the oxidation speed is accelerated, and dark red rust appears.

⒉. The base material of galvanized steel sheet secc secc is a general cold-rolled steel coil, which becomes an electro-galvanized product after degreasing, pickling, electroplating and various post-treatment processes in a continuous electro-galvanizing production line. secc not only has the mechanical properties and approximate processability of ordinary cold-rolled steel sheets, but also has superior corrosion resistance and decorative appearance. It has great competition and substitution in the market of electronic products, home appliances and furniture. For example, the commonly used computer case is SECC.

3. Hot-dip galvanized steel sheet sgcc Hot-dip galvanized steel coil refers to the semi-finished product after hot-rolling pickling or cold-rolling, after cleaning, annealing, and immersing it in a molten zinc bath with a temperature of about 460 ° C, and making the steel sheet plated. The upper zinc layer is then tempered, leveled and chemically treated. The sgcc material is harder than the scc material, has poor ductility (avoid deep drawing design), thicker zinc layer, and poor weldability.

4. The content of stainless steel sus301  cr (chromium) is lower than that of sus304, and the corrosion resistance is poor, but after cold working, it can obtain good tensile force and hardness, and has good elasticity. It is mostly used for shrapnel springs and anti-EMI.

5. Stainless steel sus304  One of the most widely used stainless steels, because it contains ni (nickel), it is richer in corrosion resistance and heat resistance than steel containing cr (chromium), has very good mechanical properties, and has no heat treatment hardening phenomenon. There is no elasticity.

Methods to solve the uneven appearance and side scratches of stamping and drawing parts

There are many reasons for the uneven shape of punching and drawing parts. The main reasons and solutions are as follows:

1. There is no air hole on the punch.

When punching, the air in the workpiece is pressed out by the punch and cannot be discharged, which makes the shape of the drawn part uneven, which is also the reason why many people tend to ignore it. The solution is to add air vents on the punch.

2. The blank is uneven.

The surface of the blank is uneven, causing the surface of the deep drawing workpiece to be uneven. The treatment method is to replace the material with good surface quality.

3. Strong rebound of material.

The material rebounds greatly, resulting in the formation of deep-drawn parts. The solution is to increase the annealing or forming process.

4. Protruding, the mold gap is too large.

If the gap is too large, the working surface of the mold loses the straightening effect on the workpiece wall, resulting in uneven shape of the workpiece. Therefore, the mold gap must be trimmed or replaced.

5. The negative deviation of the thickness of the material is too large.

If the material is too thin, the mold gap will be relatively large, resulting in uneven shape. The material needs to be replaced with an appropriate thickness.

In the process of stamping and drawing parts, if the phenomenon of uneven shape occurs, you may first find out the reasons from five aspects.

For the side-scribing problem of drawing parts, factors such as product size, material, thickness, drawing height, etc. must be considered when designing the stamping and drawing die gap. Unreasonable die gap design will also cause scratches. For high-level or small-diameter products, multiple deep drawing operations must first be calculated when designing the die. If the process design is too small, it will also cause scratches.

As far as stainless steel products are concerned, the roughness of the punching and wire drawing of the mold also has a great influence on the surface quality of the product, and the surface of the mold should be polished as much as possible. In view of the severe deformation of stamping and drawing parts, try to choose a hydraulic press for processing. If the mechanical stamping process is too fast, it is easy to cause the surface quality of the product to not meet the requirements.

For punching and drawing parts, when selecting raw materials, materials that are easy to stretch in a soft state must be selected. For some special products, annealing while stretching can also be considered. In actual production and processing, we must pay more attention and more analysis, so that we can better solve problems when encountering problems. In fact, the processing process of stamping and drawing parts is not so complicated. For stamping parts that customers are satisfied with, we need to see more and see more. Analytics for faster resolution when problems are encountered.

The above is about the uneven appearance and side scratches of stamping parts. Various problems will occur in the process of stamping parts, but the solutions to the problems can be found in time to ensure the processing of stamping parts. Quality is the foundation of the long-term development of an enterprise. I hope the above can be helpful to readers.

The role of nitrogen and oxygen sensor in exhaust gas monitoring

Direct-injection gasoline engines, motorsport applications, and even motorcycles place very specific demands on the technology used for exhaust gas measurement and its aftertreatment, but as you will learn, the engine brings engineers what it takes to “keep it clean” major challenge. Environmental protection In the popularization of automobiles, nitrogen and oxygen sensor technology is particularly important.

Nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide

To make gasoline engines more economical and environmentally friendly, automakers are increasingly relying on direct gasoline injection engines, which under certain conditions, mainly part load (cruising) conditions, can operate on fairly lean air/fuel mixtures run. The result of this could be a 12-20% reduction in fuel consumption, but as with most things in life, there is a price to pay for this gain.

One of the gaseous compounds produced as a result of the combustion process within an engine during spark ignition is a compound collectively referred to as NOx. For the automotive industry, the term is used to describe nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide contained in exhaust gas. NOx compounds are environmentally harmful by-products of the combustion process, which are effectively addressed in most vehicles through the function of the three-way catalytic converter.

Spark ignition engines tend to produce more of these compounds when operating on very lean fuel conditions, while direct injection engines operate in this region in stratified mode. Three-way catalysts cannot cope with this problem due to the excess oxygen in the exhaust gas, which reforms NOx and requires additional treatment of the exhaust gas.

What factors will affect the tensile coefficient in the design of the drawing part processing mold

1. Processing characteristics of wire drawing dies

1. Protruding, the gap between the concave molds should be uniformly produced. For a drawing die without a guide device, the same piece should be placed so that the punch can be adjusted and the position of the die is correct; for a guided drawing die, it is also necessary to ensure that the gap between the punches is uniform.

2. The material has good compactness and elastic deformation when stretched and deformed. Before the convex and concave dies are hardened, test punching and trimming should be carried out. It is easy to process and has good wear resistance. After the deep drawing test die is qualified, press The blanking die is manufactured in the state of the die trial.

3. For the drawing die without guiding equipment, it is required to place the same piece, adjust the punch, and the position of the die is correct; for the drawing die with guidance, it is necessary to ensure that the gap between the punches is uniform when assembling.

4. The processing of drawing dies is generally to make drawing dies first, and after passing the deep drawing test, make blanking dies according to the test conditions, the processability of die parts and the convenience of die maintenance, all of which should be considered in design. .

5. The processing quality of deep drawing dies has been paid more and more attention, so processing the drawing dies into parts is also an important factor to improve the quality of the dies.

2. Tensile mold characteristics

1. The concept of stretching.

(1) Stretching: Press the sheet into a hollow piece (almost no change).

(2) Stretching process: The material is transferred to the side wall of the cylinder (box) through a plane (flange), so that the overall dimensions of the plane will change significantly.

(3) Tensile coefficient: the ratio of the tensile diameter to the diameter of the blank (the degree of deformation from the blank to the workpiece).

2. Main influencing factors of tensile coefficient:

(1) Mechanical properties of the material (reduced strength – elastic deformation; tensile strength – plastic deformation; elongation coefficient; section shrinkage).

(2), relative material thickness.

(3), the number of stretches.

(4), stretching method.

(5), convex and concave die fillet radius.

(6) The drawing surface is clean, lubricated, clearance, etc.

(7), expansion rate.

3. Layout of stretching process

1. Parts whose drawing depth is less than the diameter: the height of the cylinder can be increased by reducing the diameter of the cylinder, so that the angular radius can be gradually reduced.

2. Material parts with equal thickness and diameter: The height can be kept constant to reduce the radius of the fillet, if it is to gradually reduce the diameter of the small cylinder.

3. The flange is large and the circle radius is extremely small: it should be obtained by multiple forming.

4. The flange is too large: if necessary, use the expansion molding method.

In order to reflect the principle of “unchanged convex edge”, the flange formed by one stretch does not participate in all subsequent stretching deformation, while the wide flange stretching reduces the material that first enters the die (that is, the material that forms the wall and the bottom). ) 3~10% more than the final stretched material.

Note: The number of upper bounds for multiple times is taken from the lower bounds of multiple times within the zone. The excess material will be returned to the flange in the subsequent multiple drawing steps, which will thicken the flange without pulling and can be repaired by reshaping. Therefore, each stretch height should be strictly controlled when stretching.

The above introduces the relevant content in the design of the drawing part processing mold. During the drawing process, there is friction between the material and the die, so there should be a special drawing lubricant. High friction will not only increase the tensile coefficient, but also increase the pulling force, which is detrimental to the scratches on the mold and workpiece surface. I hope the above will be helpful to readers.

What is the relationship between the cracking of stainless steel tensile parts?

The radius of the punch fillet is too small and too sharp, which is prone to cracks. Therefore, the method of repairing the mold is to increase the fillet as much as possible and polish it if the product specifications allow, and be careful not to be too sharp. The use of special drawing oil can also play a good anti-crack effect, but it should be noted that the lubricant is only suitable for the working surface of the die, and the lubricant should not be in contact with the punch, because the punch and the blank surface will produce good cracks. friction, preventing the material from sliding, cracking and thinning.

Stainless heat-resistant steel and austenitic stainless steel are more common, and these two materials are used as examples. The specific reasons are as follows:

Austenitic stainless steel: Austenitic stainless steel produces delayed cracks due to its own structure. Austenitic stainless steel has a large degree of work hardening. After stretching, in addition to the residual internal stress caused by cold working, the austenitic structure is There is also some martensitic transformation in the mouth, so the mouth of the mouth should be prevented from cracking. In order to eliminate residual stress and eliminate martensite structure and make it undergo phase transformation at high temperature, taking 304 as an example, the annealing temperature of austenitic stainless steel is 1010~1050℃. The mouth of the extension is annealed, and the faster one is high-frequency annealing.

For cylindrical drawn parts, when the diameter is greater than or equal to 0.8 and the diameter is greater than or equal to 300, annealing treatment is required. Of course, if cracks occur when the aspect ratio is less than 0.8, annealing should be arranged immediately.

Ferritic stainless steel: no phase change occurs after stretching. The main reason for product cracking is residual stress, which can ensure safety. From experience, for cylindrical drawn parts, when the diameter is greater than or equal to 0.8 , when the diameter is greater than or equal to 300, annealing treatment is required. If the height-diameter ratio is less than 0.8, cracks will appear, and annealing should be arranged immediately.

The above content is related to what is related to stainless steel cracking, and what problems will occur in the production process. In fact, many experienced workers can prevent it in advance. Only by reading and analyzing more can a lot of waste can be avoided. I hope the above content is correct. Readers help.

What are the factors that affect the processing quality of metal drawing parts?

1. Material selection

Various materials have different tensile properties. The ratio of blank diameter to punching diameter is the ultimate drawing speed. Stainless steel ranges from 1 to 2.2, carbon steel from 2.15 to 2.5. In addition to heat treatment, stainless steel materials can also be subjected to secondary stretching, but unlike carbon steel materials, stainless steel materials generally cannot be stretched like the first time except for heat treatment. Stretch like that. Stainless steel pipe needs to be one to two times larger than carbon steel. In general, double-acting deep-drawing hydraulics are preferred.

Second, choose lubricating oil

The choice of lubricant should consider two factors. A scratch-resistant and friction-reducing oil film must be provided. Plus, it’s easy to remove all of it once the deep flush is done. It can contain chlorinated or sulfurized oils or waxes, heavy washes or deep soaps. Deep drawing is a method of forming cylindrical or box-shaped hardware from a ring or metal die screwed into a thin sheet of metal material. Commonly used gold materials are stainless steel, aluminum, iron, copper, etc. Metal deep flush products are available in different heights.

If there is a deviation in the stretch, what is the reason?

For blanking parts, if the punching size deviates, the specific reason is that there is a problem with the mold structure design or product material. Also, there may be a problem with the device. In this regard, we should investigate one by one to find out the real cause, fundamentally solve the problem, and prevent it from happening again.

The dimensional accuracy of drawn hardware parts refers to the difference between the actual size and the design size of the stamping part. The difference is small and the precision is high. Ideally, the punched and die edges are the same size, and the punched and punched edges have the same size. In fact, due to the force on the workpiece during the blanking process, a certain elastic deformation will occur.

After blanking, the elastic recovery of the workpiece leads to the mismatch of the dimensions of the blanking part, the die edge part, the punching part and the punching part, which affects the precision of part of the metal blanking. In addition, there are many factors that affect the dimensional accuracy of stamping parts, such as blanking gap, mold manufacturing accuracy, material properties, stamping part thickness, shape, size, etc.

The most important thing is the blanking gap. Because the gap between the punch and the mold is too large, the stretching effect on the material is large during the blanking process, so the tensile deformation is large. Due to the rebound after blanking, the size of the blanking part is reduced, and the size of the punched part is increased. If the gap is too small, the material will be compressed due to the extrusion of the punch and die. Due to the elastic recovery of the material, the size of the stamping part increases and the size of the stamping part decreases.

The above content involves the processing of hardware products, and the dimensional accuracy of the final stamping parts is also related to the characteristics and thickness of the material. However, for the general stamping parts manufacturer, due to the small variation in material thickness, such conclusions and explanations can be drawn. I hope the above will be useful to readers.

What are the standards and requirements for the hardness testing of mold materials in mold processing plants?

Hardness is usually the basis for measuring the heat treatment quality and performance of molds, and hardness is an important performance indicator of mold materials and finished molds. The stress state of the hot mold during the working process is very complex. For example, the hot mold is generally subjected to alternating stress in an alternating temperature field. Therefore, the mold should prevent the mold from becoming soft or plastic, and maintain its shape and size in a long-term working environment. Precision remains unchanged. Usually, the hardness of the finished product and the cold mold are usually 59-60HRC, and the hot work mold is often used around 48HRC.

Wear resistance is an important performance indicator of the finished mold. During the molding process, the metal moves relative to the surface of the mold cavity, causing the cavity surface to wear, and the mold size, shape, precision and surface roughness to change and fail. Wear resistance mainly depends on the heat treatment of the mold, especially the surface heat treatment. The main basis for evaluating the wear resistance of the mold is the hardness.

The test hardness test is mainly aimed at three situations, namely the hardness test of the die steel material, the heat treatment hardness test of the semi-finished mold, and the surface hardness test after the heat treatment of the mold surface.

Steel mold materials are mainly forged steel plates, steel blocks or steel bars, which are generally supplied in an annealed state. Some plastic steel molds also provide pre-hardening (quenching and tempering treatment), and users can directly process them into molds without subsequent heat treatment. According to different steel types, die steel can be divided into carbon tool steel, alloy tool steel and high-speed tool steel. The Chinese standard specifies the factory hardness requirements of various die steels, and tests the annealing hardness and quenching hardness of the steel. Mattel Leeb hardness tester is widely used, with fast detection speed and simple operation, and the detection value can be automatically converted into Brinell hardness value, so it has been widely used.

The die steel material that has been machined must be quenched and tempered, and can be made into a finished die after fine grinding and polishing. It is more important to test the hardness of the quenched and tempered mold, because the hardness of the material is a very important quality index at this time, which determines the service life of the finished mold to a large extent. Quenched and tempered mold materials require a Rockwell hardness tester to measure HRC Rockwell hardness. Molded products are required to have the best comprehensive mechanical properties, not only sufficient hardness, but also certain toughness. Hardness and toughness are a pair of contradictions. In order to achieve reasonable toughness and make the mold have higher hardness, the most Optimal hardness values ​​will be limited to a fairly small range, typically 2-4 HRC units.

There are great difficulties in hardness testing of finished and semi-finished products. There is no more ideal solution. Only a small number of molds that are small in size and weight can be moved to a benchtop Rockwell hardness tester for testing. For finished products, the Leeb hardness tester is a solution to hardness testing semi-finished products and Leeb hardness before converting to HRC on Rockwell hardness. At present, the commonly used method in the mold industry is to use a Leeb hardness tester to measure hardness, and the Mattel Leeb hardness tester is the most widely used in the mold industry.

As mentioned above, the reasonable hardness range of finished and semi-finished molds is narrow, and the Leeb hardness tester cannot meet this precision requirement. But this is also the current status of the mold industry, and there is no better solution. For surface carburizing, nitriding or laser quenching treatment, the surface hardness of the mold with surface hardening treatment should be tested. When the thickness of the infiltrated layer exceeds 0.8mm, the hardness of HRC can be directly measured by a Rockwell hardness tester. When the thickness of the carburized layer is 0.6-0.8mm, the A scale of the Rockwell hardness tester can be used. The test pressure A=60kg (the C-level test force value is 150kg), which can press a shallow indentation on the surface of the mold, so that the hardened layer will not be penetrated, and the hardness test is relatively accurate. HRA hardness measurements are easily converted to HRC hardness values ​​by looking up the table. If the thickness exceeds 0.1mm, a surface Rockwell hardness tester can be used for thinner carburized or nitrided layers. Ground Rockwell hardness tester is only 15kg, 30kg or 45kg. For example, when a surface Rockwell hardness is 60HRC, the surface Rockwell hardness value is 90.6HR15N, and the indentation depth is equal to (100-90.6)X0.001mm=0.009mm, in this case, it is almost difficult to distinguish. Therefore, the surface Rockwell hardness tester can also test the finished product, and the obtained hardness value can also be converted into HRC hardness value.

For die steel, hardness is the most important property. To account for other properties, such as toughness, its optimum hardness range is narrow. Therefore, how to use the Mattel portable hardness tester to test the hardness of the mold quickly and accurately is of great significance to the mold manufacturing and use units. It can improve the quality of mold products, improve the mold manufacturing process, and prolong the service life of the mold.

In fact, the hardness of the mold processing material is not bad, only the wrong material is used in a specific area. Therefore, designers must fully understand the properties of various materials, and carefully test the materials, and carefully test the materials to study the influence of various factors on the performance of molded products. Hopefully the above will be useful to the reader.

Four common shapes and characteristics of parts in the processing of drawing parts

1. Deformation characteristics of cylindrical parts.

In the process of sheet stretching, the deformation area is the edge part of the sheet, and the other parts are the transmission area, which does not participate in the main deformation; under the action of tangential pressure and radial tensile stress, the blank produces tangential compression under certain conditions And the radial extension is always under tension and is always limited by compression deformation parameters and ultimate deformation performance.

2. The deformation characteristics of the box.

The deformation characteristics are the same as for the cylindrical simple part. The difference is that the shape is always under tension and always under compression, and the distribution around the blank is uneven, the rounded corners are deformed greatly, and the straight edge is less deformed; around the blank, the parts with a large degree of deformation and a small degree of deformation affect each other.

3. Deformation characteristics of surface parts.

The outer perimeter of the blank is the deep-drawing deformation zone that is always under tension and always under compression; the middle part of the blank is the bulging zone of bidirectional tensile stress.

4. Deformation characteristics of non-rotating surface parts.

The deformation area of ​​the flange blank consists of an epitaxial deep drawing deformation area and an inner bulging deformation area, but these two deformations are unevenly distributed around the blank; when the curved convex edge part is deep drawn, there is still shear deformation.

The above content about the shape of the parts processed by the drawn parts, no matter what kind of parts are processed, the quality of the drawn parts is an important issue that cannot be ignored. High-quality stretched parts should be made of high-quality metal or non-metallic plates; secondly, the surface of the raw materials should not be damaged during stamping; one point is that a high-quality stretched product must have high dimensional accuracy. I hope the above content can be helpful to readers.

What are the parts of the design and processing of metal stamping parts?

1. Stamping parts must meet the requirements of product use and technical performance, and be easy to assemble and maintain.

2. Where permitted, stamped parts must help improve material utilization, reduce material types and specifications, and use low-cost materials.

3. In order to simplify the mold structure and optimize the number of processes, the stamping parts must be simple, and there is a simple punching step, that is, to complete the processing of all parts. Try not to use other processing methods that are conducive to stamping operations, easy to organize, and achieve mechanized and automatic production to improve labor productivity.

4. The dimensional accuracy and surface roughness of sleeve pressing parts should be minimized.

5. The design of stamping parts should be processed with existing equipment, process equipment and process flow as much as possible to improve the service life of stamping dies.

Due to the wide application of metal stamping dies, the popularity of stamping parts and changes in processing technology, there are many factors affecting the performance of metal stamping dies. The production process of metal stamping dies mainly includes:

1. The production process of metal stamping dies includes

(1), raw materials

(2), mold

(3), punch

There are many kinds of stamping materials, and stainless steel is the most widely used. Most stamped products are made from steel sheet materials through stamping dies. Stamping hardware products can be seen everywhere in our lives.

2. What are the metal stamping dies?

1. Furniture hardware accessories

2. Home appliance stamping parts

3. Home kitchen supplies

4. Automobile stamping parts

5. Body

6. Chassis

7. Auto booster

8. Car brake pads

9. Radiator

The above molds are all made by stamping. The material requirements for stamping parts are high, such as hardness, strength, tensile, corrosion resistance, surface quality and plasticity, and the accurate thickness is considered.

With the rapid development of the industry, the variety of molds continues to increase, and the mold design is more and more accurate and complex. The qualification rate of stamping parts is closely related to whether the mold design is reasonable. The forming, surface quality, dimensional tolerance and product qualification rate of stamping parts are related to the design of the die process structure. Simply put, the process technology of a product is usually a single process. Multiple process, progressive or compound tooling is available if product processing license is available.

Stamping equipment is the most widely used hydraulic press in the factory. Punch is divided into ordinary punch and high-speed punch. Generally speaking, if most of the processes can solve production problems with high-speed punching or multiple processes, the key factors in making qualified products are advanced stamping equipment and die technology.

The above is the relevant content of the design and processing of metal stamping parts. Under the premise of ensuring factors, the correct use and maintenance of metal stamping dies is also to improve the quality of stamping dies. Because metal stamping dies will shorten the service life of stamping dies if they are used and maintained improperly, regular inspection of abrasive tools can make the processing of stamping parts more accurate. I hope the above will help readers.

What is the role of resilience in the processing and forming of metal drawing parts?

Electromagnetic forming of metal, metal drawing parts is a forming process. Forming can not only expand the forming range of aluminum alloys, but also improve the formability of aluminum alloys. The specific method of forming aluminum alloy covers using composite stamping is to fit electromagnetic coils into the sharp corners and difficult-to-form contours of aluminum alloy covers. It is formed by electromagnetic method, and then a pair of molds are formed on a press, and then deformed with electromagnetic coils.

The results show that this composite forming method can obtain aluminum alloy coverings that are difficult to obtain by a single stamping method. The present invention can also be used for the connection of metal drawing parts formed products in the punching machine and the composite molding of various products. This method can be used to stamp and form many difficult-to-form materials, such as magnesium alloys, titanium alloys, etc. Since punching requires the punching machine to stop during the descending process to ensure the heating time of the material, the CNC crankshaft servo motor punching machine, punching can also be realized in the punching die, and the composite processing including tapping, riveting and other processes effectively expands the punching The range of processing has laid a solid foundation for the popularization and application of magnesium alloys in the plastic processing industry.

1. The rebound effect of the hardware puller during the forming process

1. Thickness of stamping material: The thickness of the plate has an important influence on the bending performance during the forming process. The larger the plate thickness, the smaller the springback phenomenon, the reason is that with the increase of plate thickness, the more plastically deformed material, the greater the elastic recovery deformation, and the smaller the springback. Due to the continuous improvement of the strength of the thick plate material, the problem of the dimensional accuracy of the parts is becoming more and more prominent. The mold design and post-process debugging need to have a certain understanding of the nature and size of the springback, so as to take corresponding countermeasures and remedial measures.

2. Die drawbeads: Die drawbeads are widely used in today’s technology. Correctly setting the stretch position can change the flow direction of the material and distribute resistance on the press surface. Therefore, to improve the formability of the material, set tensile ribs on the parts that are easy to rebound, so that the more fully formed the parts, the more uniform the stress distribution, and the smaller the rebound.

3. Mechanical properties of stamping materials: There are metal stamping parts of different strengths on automobiles. From ordinary steel plates to steel plates, the yield strength of different plates is different. The higher the yield strength of the board, the easier it is to bounce back. This is the DP series of dual-phase high-strength steels.

4. Stripping edge blanking pressure: stripper blank blanking forming is an important technological measure. By continuously optimizing the blank holder force, the flow direction of the material can be adjusted and the stress distribution of the material can be improved. Increasing the blank holder can make the part stretch more fully, especially if the side wall and the R angle of the part are sufficiently formed, the internal stress difference will be reduced, and the springback will be reduced.

5. Shape and complexity of stamping parts: parts of different shapes are very different. Parts with complex shapes are generally formed at one time to prevent springback due to improper molding. In addition, some special-shaped parts are easier to spring back, such as U-shaped parts, when analyzing the forming, the springback compensation problem should be considered.

The above is the relevant content of hardware drawing parts processing. The production and processing products of high-quality stretched parts should be made of high-quality metal or non-metallic plates; secondly, the surface of the material will not be damaged during the stamping process; in addition, the production and processing products of stretched parts have good dimensional accuracy. Only the above three points can be said to be the production and processing products of high-quality stretched parts. I hope the above will be useful to readers.

How to identify the quality of high-quality stretched parts?

1. Avoid washing: For paper air, do not use any oily cleaning; for fur parts, it is not suitable to use oily cleaning.

2. Avoid oil: The engine is filtered with dry paper. If it is stained with oil, it is easy to suck the high-concentration mixture into the cylinder, resulting in insufficient air volume, increased fuel, and reduced engine power; if the V-belt is stained with oil, it will accelerate its corrosion and aging. ; Brake shoes, dry clutch friction pads, and brake belts are stained with oil, which will threaten driving

3. Heat avoidance: The temperature of the engine is too high, and it is easy to overheat and melt and cause the cylinder. The coils of electrical equipment such as appliances are overheated and are easily scrapped.

4. Pressure avoidance: If the tire casing is stored in a pile pressure state for a long time, it will be deformed due to extrusion if it is not turned over in time; the air filter cannot be filtered if the paper filter element of the fuel filter is squeezed; the rubber oil seal, Triangular tape, tubing, etc. can not be squeezed.

5. Antifouling property: If the components of fuel filter, air filter, hydraulic oil filter and various filters are too dirty, the filtering effect will be poor. Sink radiator. The air-cooled cylinder block, cylinder head heat sink, cooler and other components are too dirty, which will lead to poor heat dissipation and high temperature.

6. Anti-reverse property: The engine cylinder head gasket cannot be installed reversely, otherwise it will cause premature ablation damage to the cylinder head gasket; the engine fan blades must not be installed reversely; the installed tires and herringbone pattern tires should be installed on the ground. Make the chevrons point to the back.

7. Avoid repetition: some parts should be used at one time. Individual drivers or maintenance personnel use them repeatedly to save or not understand the taboos, which may easily cause accidents.

8. Avoid near fire: If rubber products such as tires, triangular tapes, cylinder liner water blocking rings, and rubber oil seals are close to the fire source, they are easy to deteriorate or damage, and on the other hand, they may cause fire.

9. Avoidance: The engine valve locks should be installed in pairs. If they are missing or missing, the valve will be out of control and the piston and other components will be damaged; engine connecting rod bolts, flywheel bolts, cotter pins on bolts, locking screws or spring washers Wait.

Hidden dangers when using hardware stretching parts:

1. Minimize the fillet radius of the die.

2. Increase the amount of stretch by stretching multiple times, leaving as many flanges as possible.

3. Avoid using the wrong method when designing the stretching process.

4. The blank holder of the stretched parts should be ground frequently to increase the blank holder force and prevent wrinkling. The use of copper alloy sheets such as brass, which is always placed during severe forming, is also prone to longitudinal cracks.

The above is the relevant content, thickness, shape and size of metal drawing parts processing and drawing parts materials. In the stamping process and mold design, special attention should be paid to the calculation of the blank size of the drawing parts, although the length of the drawing parts is not large. , but the depth dimension is relatively large. Hopefully the above will be helpful to readers.

What is the function of multiple stretching in the processing of automobile drawing parts?

1. The key to determining the technical performance of automotive tensile parts

1. Punching direction to determine the punching direction of the part is to determine the stretching process, the first problem encountered. It not only determines whether a satisfactory stretch can be drawn, but also affects the number of process compensation parts and the shape of the binder surface. The correct judgment of the stamping direction should meet the following three requirements.

(1) Make sure that the punch can enter the die. The shape of the lower right corner of the die protrudes outward, and the convex point exceeds the size of the die, so that the punch cannot enter the die, and the stretching direction cannot be stretched. Therefore, it is necessary to change the drawing direction in order to enter the die.

(2) Make the contact area between the punch and the blank large. The larger the contact surface, the smaller the angle of the contact surface to the horizontal. The blank is less prone to some stress overload that can cause the part to break. When tightening, improve the function of mold attaching, and easily achieve a good shape of the punch, which is beneficial to improve the degree of deformation of the part.

(3) Part of the feeding resistance on the pressing surface should be uniform. Uniform deep drawing is a condition to ensure uniform feeding resistance of each part of the pressing surface. The feeding resistance of each part of the pressing material surface is uniform, which is an important guarantee to ensure that the stretched part does not wrinkle or crack.

2. In order to complete the drawing, reasonably increase the feeding process, and often add process supplements on the basis of the workpiece, so as to achieve a satisfactory stretching effect.

The advantages and disadvantages of technical supplements are important signs of the drawing level of the tensile parts. Reasonable addition of technical supplements should meet the following three requirements:

(1), process drawing requirements.

(2) Requirements for pressing material.

(3) Trimming and flanging are required after stretching.

2. What is the effect of multiple stretching on the stretched parts?

1. Multi-stretching greatly improves the qualification rate in the production process of the product, and it is not easy to produce waste products, because the stress is relieved in the middle after multiple stretching, and the annealing softens.

2. Repeated stretching ensures the precision of the product and greatly improves the elongation coefficient and production efficiency.

3. Due to the high technical content of one-time forming, multiple stretching can increase the uniformity and reduce the product scrap rate.

Third, pay attention to the selection of automotive tensile parts

(1) The standard mold base should be selected as much as possible for the production of drawing parts. The type and specification of the standard mold base determine the type and specification of the upper and lower mold bases.

(2) The selected or planned mold base must be adapted to the relevant dimensions of the selected press table and related sliders, and the necessary inspections must be carried out. If the small shaping size of the lower die base should be at least 40~50mm larger than the size of the leakage hole of the press table.

(3), choose large-scale precision mold mold base ZG35.ZG45.

(4) The parallelism of the upper and lower parts of the die base should meet the requirements, and the parallelism is generally grade 4.

(5) The upper and lower die base guide sleeves and guide post device holes must be common, and the accuracy is generally required to be below ±0.02mm; the axis of the die base guide post. The axis of the guide sleeve device hole should be straight with the upper and lower planes of the die base. For matching, the axial direction of the device guide post and guide sleeve device should be the same as the upper and lower plane pens of the die base. The device guide post generally requires level 4.

(6) The roughness of the upper and lower surfaces of the mold base is Ra1.6~0.8μm, if the parallelism can be guaranteed, it can be reduced to Ra3.2~1.6μm. The function of the gasket is to directly accept and disperse the pressure transmitted by the punch, reduce the unit pressure of the punch, and prevent the die seat from being pressed in. The shape and size of the backing plate is the same as that of the die, and the fixing method is fixed with screws and pins.

The above is related to the processing of automobile drawing parts. The processing of drawing parts must meet the performance and technical performance of the product, and at the same time, it must be assembled and repaired, so as to make full use of metal materials, reduce the types and standards of data, and minimize The consumption of data, when qualified, select the information with lower price, and try to make the parts as waste-free and waste-free as possible. Hope the above content is helpful to readers.

How to deal with common problems in drawing parts processing?

For the above problems, we should reduce the adhesive wear and change the characteristics of the contact pair before reaching it. Let’s analyze it briefly.

1. In terms of raw data of the formed workpiece, the raw data after surface treatment, such as phosphating raw data, spraying or other appearance treatments, form a layer of non-metallic mold on the surface of the forming data. This method is usually costly and requires the addition of additional production equipment and increased production procedures. Although this method sometimes produces some effects, it is rarely used in actual production.

2. Between the metal parts and the mold, adding a layer of PVC film between the mold and the molding data can sometimes solve the problem of workpiece strain. In terms of the organization of the production line, in terms of continuous supply of film, in terms of cyclical production, each time a workpiece is produced, a layer of film needs to be added to affect the production speed. This method is usually expensive and also generates a lot of waste. For the production of small batches of large workpieces, this method of production is desirable. When some forming loads are small, adding lubricating oil or adding EP enhancer lubricant can solve the problem of workpiece strain.

3. Modification of mold convexity, surface treatment of concave mold material or convex and concave mold, or selection of appropriate mold material, so that the stretched material looks like the contact properties of convex and concave molds have changed. From the practical point of view, this is an economical and practical treatment method, which has been widely used. In short, there are many ways to deal with the surface strain of deep-drawn parts and punches and punches and concave dies. The specific method should be based on the size of the workpiece and the load, the type of material to be processed in the production batch, etc.

The shape of the workpiece of the drawing part is complex and diverse, and the dimensional accuracy is required to be high. The processed product is flush with the processed product, and the processed cut surface is very flat and smooth. Compared with other processing techniques, it can process high-precision gear punching parts with very small modulus, and the drawn parts have clear contours and small concave angles.

During processing, drawing parts mainly rely on press pressure to stamp metal or non-metal materials. During the processing of drawn parts, the precision of the workpiece is very high, which can reach the micron level. Compared with other machined parts, this product has obvious advantages: light, thin, well-distributed and pressure-resistant. In the process of processing, mass production can be carried out, the processing time can be shortened, and it can be formed in one place without other processing. This product is mainly used in automobile handbrakes, cars, motorcycles and other products. It is an economical and efficient mechanical and electrical product parts.

Next, we will promote some questions about stretched parts for you so that you can get a clear understanding of them through study. In this way, you can add some expertise to the products on this website.

1. Blanking-drawing, is it suitable for shallow drawing or deep drawing?

Blanking – drawing, suitable for shallow drawing parts, because the steel plate is pressed when blanking, and the steel plate is also pressed when deep drawing. Therefore, on this basis, there will be the above-mentioned corresponding theories. And, there is no doubt about that.

2. How to wire the tie rod?

In this case, in the view of the drawn parts manufacturer without PAX, it cannot use the normal thread rolling method because it is not applicable, but first thread a mandrel on the tie rod, and then perform the thread rolling operation, In this way, the work can be successfully completed.

3. How to prevent the problem of pulling the rod?

In order to prevent hair pulling problems, we can take methods, and perhaps should pay attention to the aspects. There are mainly the following aspects:

First, the appearance of the die used should be smooth, and it should be smooth when stretched;

Second, the hardness of the mold material is too low.

Third, it is necessary to clean the stretched parts. There must be no dust and dirt on it.

The above is the related content of drawing parts processing. For extruded parts, the above problems are related. So based on that, I hope you take it seriously and implement it and know how to respond properly. In this way, even if you encounter it in actual work, you can deal with it calmly, deal with it in time, and then avoid some unnecessary problems or troubles. May the above content be helpful to readers.

Design principles and service life of stamping and drawing parts

With the continuous progress of science and technology and the continuous improvement of the level of economic development, machinery manufacturing and drawing parts processing enterprises are also developing rapidly and with high quality. It is no exaggeration to say that there are several or dozens of mechanical products that use some kind of high technology every day. Needless to say, the application of high technology in the machinery industry has made stretching products more intelligent in appearance and operation, breaking people’s impression of being clumsy and rigid. Philosophically speaking, quantitative change leads to qualitative change, and the theoretical goal is to prove that any object is a system and that no single cell or component can represent its integrity. Therefore, when people begin to pay more and more attention to the highlights of high-tech, we cannot ignore the bracket structure composed of various high-precision tensile parts, because without a strong supporting platform, all high-tech is on paper.

Due to the wide range of use, wire drawing is widely used. But it’s troublesome to actually find it. Most companies have a stable supply of parts, and most follow the principle of proximity. Otherwise, it will affect their production. Only a few products eager to succeed can post order information on the website. Such stretched parts manufacturers themselves should have their own very skilled industrial products, better concentrated in a certain industry, can improve their proficiency and technical level, once the order is received, there is price, quality, delivery time. Therefore, hardware tie rod manufacturers should position themselves and not blindly pursue too much. It can widely use automobiles and electronic pull rods as a professional R&D and production, which improves the technical level in this field and forms an advantage in the industry. Only in this way can the hardware stretched parts have their own foothold.

1. The design of expansion joints should follow the following principles

1. When ensuring normal use, the designed telescopic parts should minimize the dimensional accuracy level and surface roughness, which is conducive to the interchangeability of products, reducing waste and ensuring the stability of product quality.

2. The designed drawing parts should be as conducive to the use of existing equipment as possible, and the process equipment and processes will help prolong the service life of the stamping die.

3. The designed tensile parts must conform to the use and technical performance of the product, and are easy to assemble and maintain.

The main processing products are: stainless steel cover plate, stainless steel products, stainless steel seasoning bottle cap, metal stamping parts, tension parts, plugs, lighting accessories, non-standard hardware processing. Applicable to: electronics, electrical appliances, sports equipment, automobiles, packaging, machinery parts, food and other industries.

In addition to reasonable mold structure, high machining accuracy, good heat treatment effect and correct selection of punch, etc., the service life of drawing stamping parts. In addition to the punch installation accuracy and other factors, the correct use and maintenance of the mold is also a link that cannot be ignored. During this process, attention should be paid to:

(1) Before installing and using the drawing parts, the dirt should be strictly checked, and whether the guide rail sleeves and molds of the drawing parts are well lubricated.

(2) After the cutting edge of the pull-out punch and the concave die are worn, they should be stopped and sharpened in time, otherwise the wear degree of the cutting edge of the die will be rapidly expanded, the wear of the die will be accelerated, and the quality of the punching part and the life of the die will be reduced.

(3) While ensuring the life of the punch, the die spring should be replaced regularly to prevent the spring from fatigue damage and affect the use of the punching part.

The above is the relevant content about the design and service life of stamping and drawing parts. Generally speaking, the drawing process and die, drawing device and material constitute the three elements of deep drawing. Only when they are combined with each other, a deep-drawn part can be obtained. Which link has a problem will also affect the processing quality of the drawn part. Hope the above content can be helpful to readers.